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constraint

animation with constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 2001
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Simplicial families of drawings (p. 163-172)

constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 1992
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Declarative programming of graphical interfaces by visual examples (p. 107-116)

In Proceedings of UIST 1993
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A graphics toolkit based on differential constraints (p. 109-120)

In Proceedings of UIST 1993
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Converting an existing user interface to use constraints (p. 207-215)

In Proceedings of UIST 1993
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A spreadsheet based on constraints (p. 217-224)

In Proceedings of UIST 1994
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An architecture for an extensible 3D interface toolkit (p. 59-67)

In Proceedings of UIST 1994
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Skyblue: a multi-way local propagation constraint solver for user interface construction (p. 137-146)

In Proceedings of UIST 1996
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Easily adding animations to interfaces using constraints (p. 119-128)

In Proceedings of UIST 1996
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Indigo: a local propagation algorithm for inequality constraints (p. 129-136)

In Proceedings of UIST 1997
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Interactive beautification: a technique for rapid geometric design (p. 105-114)

In Proceedings of UIST 1999
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Constraint cascading style sheets for the Web (p. 73-82)

In Proceedings of UIST 2005
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Artistic resizing: a technique for rich scale-sensitive vector graphics (p. 201-210)

In Proceedings of UIST 2006
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CueTIP: a mixed-initiative interface for correcting handwriting errors (p. 323-332)

In Proceedings of UIST 2009
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A screen-space formulation for 2D and 3D direct manipulation (p. 69-78)

Abstract plus

Rotate-Scale-Translate (RST) interactions have become the de facto standard when interacting with two-dimensional (2D) contexts in single-touch and multi-touch environments. Because the use of RST has thus far focused almost entirely on 2D, there are not yet standard techniques for extending these principles into three dimensions. In this paper we describe a screen-space method which fully captures the semantics of the traditional 2D RST multi-touch interaction, but also allows us to extend these same principles into three-dimensional (3D) interaction. Just like RST allows users to directly manipulate 2D contexts with two or more points, our method allows the user to directly manipulate 3D objects with three or more points. We show some novel interactions, which take perspective into account and are thus not available in orthographic environments. Furthermore, we identify key ambiguities and unexpected behaviors that arise when performing direct manipulation in 3D and offer solutions to mitigate the difficulties each presents. Finally, we show how to extend our method to meet application-specific control objectives, as well as show our method working in some example environments.

constraint hierarchy

In Proceedings of UIST 1994
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Interactive generation of graphical user interfaces by multiple visual examples (p. 85-94)

In Proceedings of UIST 1994
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Skyblue: a multi-way local propagation constraint solver for user interface construction (p. 137-146)

constraint maintenance

In Proceedings of UIST 1993
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The Rendezvous constraint maintenance system (p. 225-234)

In Proceedings of UIST 1995
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Supporting distributed, concurrent, one-way constraints in user interface applications (p. 121-132)

constraint satisfaction

In Proceedings of UIST 1993
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A spreadsheet based on constraints (p. 217-224)

In Proceedings of UIST 2004
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An explanation-based, visual debugger for one-way constraints (p. 207-216)

constraint solver

In Proceedings of UIST 1998
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Automatic construction of intelligent diagram editors (p. 185-194)

In Proceedings of UIST 2001
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A modular geometric constraint solver for user interface applications (p. 91-100)

In Proceedings of UIST 2010
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Creating collections with automatic suggestions and example-based refinement (p. 249-258)

Abstract plus

To create collections, like music playlists from personal media libraries, users today typically do one of two things. They either manually select items one-by-one, which can be time consuming, or they use an example-based recommendation system to automatically generate a collection. While such automatic engines are convenient, they offer the user limited control over how items are selected. Based on prior research and our own observations of existing practices, we propose a semi-automatic interface for creating collections that combines automatic suggestions with manual refinement tools. Our system includes a keyword query interface for specifying high-level collection preferences (e.g., "some rock, no Madonna, lots of U2,") as well as three example-based collection refinement techniques: 1) a suggestion widget for adding new items in-place in the context of the collection; 2) a mechanism for exploring alternatives for one or more collection items; and 3) a two-pane linked interface that helps users browse their libraries based on any selected collection item. We demonstrate our approach with two applications. SongSelect helps users create music playlists, and PhotoSelect helps users select photos for sharing. Initial user feedback is positive and confirms the need for semi-automated tools that give users control over automatically created collections.

dataflow constraint

geometric constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 2001
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A modular geometric constraint solver for user interface applications (p. 91-100)

hierarchical constraint

inequality constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 1996
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Indigo: a local propagation algorithm for inequality constraints (p. 129-136)

In Proceedings of UIST 1997
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Solving linear arithmetic constraints for user interface applications (p. 87-96)

linear constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 1997
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Solving linear arithmetic constraints for user interface applications (p. 87-96)

linearization of constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 2002
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Dynamic approximation of complex graphical constraints by linear constraints (p. 191-200)

look and feel constraint system

In Proceedings of UIST 1997
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Supporting dynamic downloadable appearances in an extensible user interface toolkit (p. 159-168)

one-way constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 2004
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An explanation-based, visual debugger for one-way constraints (p. 207-216)

one-way constraint system

soft constraint

In Proceedings of UIST 2001
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A modular geometric constraint solver for user interface applications (p. 91-100)

In Proceedings of UIST 2008
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Kinematic templates: end-user tools for content-relative cursor manipulations (p. 47-56)

Abstract plus

This paper introduces kinematic templates, an end-user tool for defining content-specific motor space manipulations in the context of editing 2D visual compositions. As an example, a user can choose the "sandpaper" template to define areas within a drawing where cursor movement should slow down. Our current implementation provides templates that amplify or dampen the cursor's speed, attenuate jitter in a user's movement, guide movement along paths, and add forces to the cursor. Multiple kinematic templates can be defined within a document, with overlapping templates resulting in a form of function composition. A template's strength can also be varied, enabling one to improve one's strokes without losing the human element. Since kinematic templates guide movements, rather than strictly prescribe them, they constitute a visual composition aid that lies between unaided freehand drawing and rigid drawing aids such as snapping guides, masks, and perfect geometric primitives.